How do I improve my memory for studying?

The most effective methods backed by research are spaced repetition and active recall. Instead of rereading notes, test yourself on the material using flashcards or practice questions, which forces your brain to retrieve information and strengthens memory far better than passive review. Space out your study sessions over days rather than cramming, since your brain consolidates memories during rest and sleep. Other practical strategies include teaching the material to someone else, connecting new information to things you already know, and getting consistent sleep since memory consolidation happens overnight. Minimize distractions during study sessions, keep them focused and shorter rather than long and unfocused, and stay hydrated. Apps like Anki can automate spaced repetition scheduling for you.