What vaccinations are required for international travel?

There are no universally required vaccinations for all international travel, but requirements vary by destination. The most commonly required vaccine is Yellow Fever, which is mandatory for entry into certain countries in sub-Saharan Africa and South America, and sometimes required if you are arriving from a country where Yellow Fever is present. Saudi Arabia requires meningococcal meningitis vaccination for pilgrims attending Hajj or Umrah. Beyond strict entry requirements, many vaccines are strongly recommended based on destination, such as Typhoid, Hepatitis A and B, Rabies, Japanese Encephalitis, and others. Some countries may also require proof of COVID-19 vaccination. You should check the specific requirements for your destination country and consult a travel health clinic or your doctor well before departure.